The School of the Art Institute of Chicago World Ranking 2017
If yous've always taken an art history class or spent time in a fine arts museum, chances are yous know a lot most the men who "defined" their mediums. As with other subjects, most of what we learn about art history today nonetheless centers on white men from Europe and, after, the United states of america. In reality, in that location are so many more artists of all genders to acquire from and appreciate.
Hither, we're specifically taking a wait at just some of the women who have had lasting impacts on their fine art forms. From some of the art world'southward most iconic pioneers to its virtually unsung heroes, these women artists all had a hand — and, in some cases, still have a hand — in changing the earth of fine art and how nosotros define it.
Laura Wheeler Waring
Laura Wheeler Waring was an artist and educator who taught at Cheyney University in Pennsylvania for more than xxx years. After studying the piece of work of painters similar Cézanne and Monet while abroad, she returned to the United States, becoming best known for her portraits of prominent Black Americans, many of which were painted during the Harlem Renaissance.
Cindy Sherman
Photographer Cindy Sherman was function of the Pictures Generation during the 1980s, and is perchance most well known for her series of Untitled Moving picture Stills (1977–80) — self-portraits in which Sherman "posed in the guises of various generic female person pic characters, amid them, ingénue, working girl, vamp, and lonely housewife" (via MoMA). In this serial, and those that followed, Sherman used photography to question the media's influence over our individual and collective identities.
Yoko Ono
You might first think of Yoko Ono as a musician and activist, but she's also an accomplished performance and conceptual artist. Ono was considered a pioneer in the operation art movement, earning the nickname the "High Priestess of the Happening".
One of her nigh revered works, Cut Piece, was a operation she first staged in Japan; Ono saturday on phase in a nice suit and placed scissors in front of her, and, in an act of daring vulnerability, invited audition members to come on stage and cut away pieces of her clothing. "Art is similar breathing for me," Ono has said. "If I don't practise it, I starting time to choke."
Betye Saar
Before becoming a printmaker and activist, Betye Saar studied blueprint and was employed equally a social worker. A printmaking constituent changed her unabridged career trajectory — and, in plough, part of the trajectory of art history.
Saar was office of the Black Arts Motion in the 1970s and, through painting and assemblage, critiqued institutionalized racism and the racist stereotypes white people held toward Black Americans. "To me the fox is to seduce the viewer," Saar has said. "If you can get the viewer to wait at a work of art, then you might exist able to give them some sort of message."
Frida Kahlo
It'southward rare to find someone who hasn't at least heard of Frida Kahlo. A self-taught painter from Mexico, she is all-time known for exploring themes like death and identity through her self-portraits. Kahlo often used bold, bright colors to create her symbol-rich works, and was regarded as 1 of the most influential artists of the Surrealist movement.
Yayoi Kusama
Yayoi Kusama started painting at a very immature age, but she'due south besides known for her hyper-real sculptures, polka dots, installations, and so much more. Like many of her peers, Kusama embraced the counterculture of the 1960s, employing nudity in much of her work. Today, she continues to create works for her indelible Mirror/Infinity rooms series, which use mirrors and lit objects to create a sense of endlessness.
Amy Sherald
Amy Sherald is an American painter and portraitist who depicts Black Americans, often doing everyday activities — something that became more common in portraiture writ large in the mid-19th century. Odds are that yous recognize Sherald'due south work — and her signature grayscale peel tones — as she was the starting time Black woman to consummate a presidential portrait for the Smithsonian'due south National Portrait Gallery.
Georgia O'Keeffe
Known as the mother of American modernism, y'all likely associate Georgia O'Keeffe with her paintings of New United mexican states'south landscapes, flowers, skulls, and, just maybe, the skyscrapers of New York Urban center. In the 1920s, she was the first woman painter to proceeds the respect of the New York art earth, all by painting in her unique style.
Adrian Piper
Adrian Piper became a pioneering minimalist, feminist, and conceptual creative person in 1970s New York Urban center. She used her work to question guild, identity, and racial politics past demanding the audience to confront truths about themselves. She often challenged people on the streets of New York to estimate her race, socio-economic form, and gender — all while dressed as a Black man with a fake mustache and sunglasses, or while wearing compelling statements on her clothes.
Shirin Neshat
Shirin Neshat left Iran in 1974 to study art in Los Angeles, California — before the Iran Islamic Revolution took place. She is best known for her photography, film, and video work, much of which explores the human relationship between Islam's cultural and religious systems and women. Moreover, Neshat's works oft create a sense of solidarity and empowerment.
Jenny Holzer
As a neo-conceptual creative person, Jenny Holzer's work focuses on words and ideas, which she puts on advertizement billboards, projects onto buildings and adds to electronic displays or neon signs.
These works display phrases that act as meditations on various concepts, such as trauma, knowledge, and hope. Ane of her more notable works, I Smell You lot On My Pare, makes the viewer question what kind of sentiment the sentence conveys.
Rebecca Belmore
Much of Rebecca Belmore's fine art addresses identity and history — and, in particular, houselessness and the voicelessness of the Start Nations People in Canada. As an Anishinaabekwe artist, she works to raise awareness around the prejudice, violence, and attempted erasure of Indigenous Due north American culture. In 2005, she was the offset Indigenous woman to represent Canada at the Venice Biennale.
Louise Bourgeois
While a prolific printmaker and painter, Louise Bourgeois is meliorate known for her installation art and sculptures — similar the spider to a higher place — which were inspired by her own experiences and memories. Throughout her career, she created revolutionary works during a fourth dimension when abstraction and conceptual fine art were the main styles shaping the art world.
Mickalene Thomas
Heavily influenced by pop culture and pop fine art, Mickalene Thomas oftentimes embellishes her paintings with rhinestones and uses colorful acrylic paints. In her work, Thomas centers Blackness American women, whom she believes embody ability and femininity.
Judy Chicago
Judy Chicago was i of the major figures within the early Feminist Art motility. As exemplified in her iconic work The Dinner Political party, her installation pieces often examine the role of women in history and culture — in the 1970s and before. While at California Land Academy in Fresno, Chicago founded the first feminist art plan in the United States.
Augusta Barbarous
Augusta Savage was an American sculptor during the Harlem Renaissance who worked toward securing equal rights for Black Americans in the arts. In addition to creating breathtaking sculptures, oft of Blackness folks, Savage founded the Savage Studio of Arts and Crafts in Harlem in 1932, and, a few years later, she became the first Black American elected to the National Association of Women Painters and Sculptors in 1934.
Carolee Schneemann
Known for her provocative performance art practices, Carolee Schneemann is considered the progenitor of "body fine art". (Simply look up her well-nigh famous work, Interior Scroll, and y'all'll run across what we mean.) She used her trunk to examine women'due south sensuality and liberation from the oppressive artful and social conventions established by our patriarchal social club.
Nan Goldin
Famous for her in-the-moment photography, Nan Goldin's work challenges traditional power relations. In addition to documenting New York City's queer subculture post-Stonewall, Goldin explored the HIV/AIDS crunch, opioid epidemic, and LGBTQ+ bodies.
Elaine Sturtevant
Does this await like an Andy Warhol to yous? Well, that's the idea! Elaine Sturtevant, who went by her terminal name professionally, was a conceptual creative person known for her inexact replicas — that is, not-quite-correct copies of big-proper noun artists' work.
Some artists and critics encouraged her efforts, while others became quite angry. Still, Sturtevant used her works to explore the concepts of authorship, originality, and the structure of art civilization.
Ruth Asawa
During the 1960s, Ruth Asawa created increasingly complex wire sculptures. A San Francisco-based creative person, Asawa'southward last public commission was the Garden of Remembrance at San Francisco Land University, which was created to recognize Japanese Americans who were interned during Globe War II.
Catherine Opie
Known for her studio, portrait, and landscape photography, Catherine Opie has been a lensman since the age of nine. She uses her photography to examine social norms, and, in doing then, displays various subcultures in formal portraits — but in a style that conveys power and respect past evoking traditional Renaissance portraiture.
micha cárdenas
micha cárdenas is an artist, author, theorist, and banana professor who won an Touch on Award at the Indiecade Festival in 2020 and the Creative Award from the Gender Justice League in 2016. She believes didactics is the path to liberation and uses VR and art to address global issues such as racism, gendered violence, and climatic change.
Lee Krasner
Lee Krasner was an Abstract Expressionist painter who also specialized in collaging. Her works capture a spirit of relentless reinvention, from her Cubist drawings and aggregation to her portraits and murals for the Works Progress Assistants (WPA).
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